The nurse is providing instructions to the mother of a child with human immunodeficiency virus infection regarding immunizations.
Which statement by the mother indicates an understanding of the immunization schedule?

1. "The hepatitis B vaccine is not to be given to my child."
2. "My child will receive all the vaccines like any other child."
3. "Family members in the household need to receive the influenza vaccine."
4. "Blood tests are needed before any immunizations are given to my child."

Family members in the household need to receive the influenza vaccine."

Explanation:

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS, which is a viral disease which can destroy lymphocyte , thereby increasing susceptibility to infection and malignancy. A child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection will receive the same immunizations as other children, apart from live vaccines. All household members will also receive the influenza vaccine. Blood tests prior to immunizations are unnecessary and inaccurate.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.