9. Which row in the chart below contains a correct

comparison between nervous regulation and chemical

regulation?

Row Nervous Regulation | Chemical Regulation

A 1 Slow response ) Fast response

Long duration Short duration

Involves neuro Involves hormones

transmitters

Common to all Only in multi-

organisms cellular animals

1) A

2) B.

3) C

4) D

C. INVOLVES NEURONES, INVOLVES HORMONES TRANSMITTERS

Explanation:

The nervous and chemical regulation are similar in that they regulate the functions of the body and their response to stimulus. While nervous regulation involves the use of electrical signals through neurones for the passage of signals to the effector or target cells or tissues, chemical regulation uses hormones which are chemicals transported into the plasma and they target cells. Transmission of signals are fast in nervous regulation as in the case of immediately lifting the hands when they touch hot objects while that of chemical regulation are slow in their response. Nervous regulation elicits their functions within a short time while chemical regulation takes a long period for response ti occur. Also responses are temporal in nervous regulation while in chemical regulations are permanent. So the correct row showing the basic difference between the hormonal and nervous regulation is the row with the mode of transmission of signals that is the involvement of neurones in nervous regulation and hormones transmitters in chemical regulation.

transcription is a process in which information is rewritten. it is something our cells must do, in a more specialized and narrowly defined way. in biology, transcription is the process of copying out the dna sequence of a gene in the similar alphabet of rna. it needs to happen in the nucleus because that's where the dna is. dna is always inside the nucleus unless the cell is dividing.

transcription is the first step in gene expression, which involves copying a gene's dna sequence to make an rna molecule. transcription is performed by rna polymerases. it has three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. rna molecules must be processed after transcription in eukaryotes.

explanation:

long version:

the protein synthesis consists two processes which are, transcription and translation. transcription takes place in the nucleus. it uses dna as a template to make an rna molecule. rna then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. transcription is the first part of the central dogma of molecular biology: dna → rna. it is the transfer of genetic instructions in dna to messenger rna (mrna). during transcription, a strand of mrna is made that is complementary to a strand of dna.  

these three stages are:

  initiation: in which   is the beginning of transcription.occuring when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

    elongation: in which is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

    termination: in which is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.