How would signaling be affected if a mutation caused a g protein to replace gdp with gtp on its own without needing to be activated by the g protein-coupled receptor?

In familial hypercholesterolemia individuals homozygous for the allele causing the disorder completely lack receptors on liver cells that take up cholesterol from the blood stream. heterozygous have one-half the number of receptors while individuals homozygous for the normal allele are phenotypically normal. this is an example of a.epistasis b.complete dominance c. incomplete dominance d. codominance

Describe the response the kidneys have to dehydration and excessive water intake. what happens to the concentration of urine in each case ?

Which of the following is not a possible effectof increasimg carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere ?