The motor oil in a car's engine will accumulate dirt over time, and it is recommended that the oil in a car's motor be changed regularly. Car mechanics use an instrument called a hydrometer to determine if the oil needs to be changed. Explain the steps in using a hydrometer and how a hydrometer uses specific gravity to test the motor oil for dirt.
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Step 1.

After the sugar water, mash, or wash has cooled to 70F to 80F and before you add the yeast fill up about 3/4 of your test jar (the plastic or glass test jar to float the hydrometer).  Float your hydrometer and write down the reading you get. This is the initial specific gravity or original specific gravity or called OG original gravity.

Step 2.

Ferment for 5-7 days (fermentation times depends on what your fermenting) then check the specific gravity again which is now called the Final specific gravity or FG final gravity.

Step 3.

Now we need to do math so get your calculator and complete the formula below:

OG (original gravity so the reading that you started with) – FG (final gravity so the reading that you ended with)

Take this number and multiply it by 131.25 to get your percentage of alcohol in your fermentation.

Explanation:

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you didn't give any options but heres what i can tell you: an inference is likely to change based on additional observations. the latter is something that you have seen or sensed using your sensory organs while the former is like a conclusion out from what you have observed.