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In 2018, a research group is interested in studying the relationship between exposure to a particular chemical and reproductive disorders. They identify a group of people who were exposed to contaminated drinking water during an incident in 1985 and another group who were never exposed. Then they examine medical records to see if those in the exposed group were more likely to develop reproductive disorders over the 30 years following their exposure. This is what type of study?
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Biology, 22.06.2019 03:00
To answer this question, researchers studied populations of the dusky salamander (desmognathus ochrophaeus) living on different mountain ranges in the southern appalachian mountains. the researchers tested the reproductive isolation of pairs of salamander populations by leaving one male and one female together and later checking the females for the presence of sperm. four mating combinations were tested for each pair of populations (a and b)—two within the same population (female a with male a and female b with male b) and two between populations (female a with male b and female b with male a). the proportion of successful matings for each mating combination was measured. for example, when all the matings of a particular combination were successful, the researchers gave it a value of 1; when none of the matings were successful, they gave it a value of 0. then the researchers calculated an index of reproductive isolation that ranged from 0 (no isolation) to 2 (full isolation). the reproductive isolation value for two populations is the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type within populations (aa + bb) minus the sum of the proportion of successful matings of each type between populations (ab + ba). the table provides data for the geographic distances and reproductive isolation values for 27 pairs of dusky salamander populations.
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Biology, 22.06.2019 04:30
Types of scientific inquiry that biologist engage in that cannot be completely controlled
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