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1) Stages of Demographic Transition: In the third stage of Demographic Transition, population growth slows because the birth rates decrease. As the birth rate becomes close to the death rate, the population size stabilizes. However, the population is much larger than before the demographic transition. In most countries that have passes through the transition, the population quadrupled during the 20th century.

How is a population changing in size during the third stage of demographic transition?

a
The population size stabilizes (growth slows down) due to a decrease in birth rate.
b
The population size stabilizes (growth increases) due to an increase in birth rate.
c
The population size stabilizes (growth increases) due to a decrease in birth rate.
d
2) The population size stabilizes (growth slows down) due to an increase in birth rate.
Stages of Demographic Transition: In the fourth stage of Demographic Transition, the birth rate drops below replacement level, so the size of the population begins to decrease. It has taken from one to three generations for the demographic transition to occur in most developed countries.

How is a population changing in size during the fourth stage of demographic transition?

a
The population size begins to increase.
b
The population size begins to stabilize.
c
3) The population size begins to decrease.
Stages of Demographic Transition: In the fourth stage of Demographic Transition, the birth rate drops below replacement level, so the size of the population begins to decrease. It has taken from one to three generations for the demographic transition to occur in most developed countries.

How many generations has it taken for demographic transition to occur for most developed countries?

a
3-5
b
2-4
c
3-7
d
1-3
4) Women and Fertility: The factors most clearly related to a decline in birth rates are increasing education and economic independence for women. In the demographic transition model, the lower death rate of the second stage is usually the result of increased levels of education. Educated women find that they do not need to have as many children to ensure that some will survive. Also, the women may learn family planning techniques. They are also able to contribute to their family’s increasing prosperity by working, while spending less energy having and caring for children. Some counties that want to reduce the birth rates have placed priority on the education of females.

What factor is most closely related to declining birth rates?

a
Decreasing education and economic independence for women.
b
Increasing education and economic independence for men.
c
Decreasing education and economic independence for men.
d
5) Increasing education and economic independence for women.
Large families are valuable in communities in which children work or take care of older family members. But as countries modernize, parents are more likely to work away from home. If parents must pay for child care, children may become a financial burden rather than an asset. The elderly will not need to the support of their children if pensions are available. All of the reasons contribute to lower birth rates. Today, the total fertility rate (average number of children a woman gives birth to in her lifetime) in developed countries is about 1.6 children per woman, while in developing countries, the rate is about 3.1 children per woman.

What is the total fertility rate in developed countries versus developing countries?

a
Developed Countries = 1.6 and Developing Countries = 3.1
b
Developed Countries = 1 and Developing Countries = 10
c
Developed Countries = 3.1 and Developing Countries = 1.6
d
Developed Countries = 10 and Developing Countries = 1