The length of a dog’s tail is an inherited trait. The allele for short tails is dominant (T) over the allele for long tails (t).
A dog breeder mates two short-tailed dogs (parents). One parent is homozygous and the other is heterozygous for this trait.
A litter of twelve puppies (first generation), all with short tails, is produced. The breeder mates one of the twelve puppies (first generation) with a short-tailed dog from another litter. A litter of ten puppies is produced (second generation). The breeder is surprised when one of the second-generation puppies has a long tail. (4.8, 4.9)Immersive Reader
(10 Points)
a. What are the genotypes of the original two dogs (parents)?

b. Complete a Punnett square of the parent cross to show the possible genotypes of the first generation of puppies. Identify the genotypic and phenotypic ratios.

c. Complete a Punnett square of the cross between the first-generation dog and the short-tailed dog from another litter to show the possible genotypes of the second generation of puppies. Identify the genotypic and phenotypic ratios.

d. Explain how a long-tailed dog can suddenly appear when all the other dogs were short-tailed.