This question requires a bit of critical thinking, and you will also have to look back at the list of Universal Genetic Codes on the webpage. Imagine that base #6 (in the second codon) in the original DNA mutates from a G to an A (this is called a "point mutation"). Think about how this would affect the corresponding RNA strand, and look up the amino acid the second codon now codes for. How does this point mutation affect the protein's function? Deleterious/negative effect on protein's function No effect on the protein's function There is no way to know given the information Beneficial/adaptive effect on protein's function

interphase

the period of cell growth when the cell synthesizes new molecules and organelles. the cell is not dividing and it constitutes the majority of the time spent in the cell cycle

prophase

changes occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm. the chromatin condenses to form structures (sister chromatids) visible with a light microscope and the mitotic spindle begins to form, but the nucleus is still in tact

prometaphase

the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the sister chromatids

metaphase

all the cell's duplicated chromosomes are lined up at an imaginary plane equidistant between the poles of the mitotic spindle

anaphase

begins when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes arrives at each of the two poles of the cell

telophase

the daughter nuclei form at the two poles of a cell

cytokinesis

the division of a cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. usually occurs during telophase during mitosis. this and mitosis make up to mitotic (m) phase of the cell cycle