In a certain signal transduction pathway, the binding of an extracellular molecule to a cell-surface protein results in a rapid increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP inside the cell. The cyclic AMP binds to and activates cytosolic enzymes that then activate other enzymes in the cell. Which of the following statements best describes the role of cyclic AMP in the signal transduction pathway?
a) It acts as a signaling molecule that passes the signal from the cell to other cells.
b) It acts as a receptor that carries the signal from outside the cell to inside the cell.
c) It acts as a second messenger that helps relay and amplify the signal within the cell.
d) It acts as a channel protein that transmits the signal across the cell’s nuclear membrane.
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In a certain signal transduction pathway, the binding of an extracellular molecule to a cell-surface...
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