What is smaller than a cell?

Organelles are the substructures (such as mitochondria and chloroplasts) inside cells that perform particular functions. They are therefore smaller than cells. ... They are therefore larger than cells. Organisms are made up of organs which are made up of tissues, and are therefore larger than tissues.

Explanation:

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many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.