Close observation of the fruiting bodies of cup fungi (ascomycetes) shows that when asci of cup fungi forcibly eject their spores into the air, they tend do so in groups (many asci at once) instead of one at a time. Furthermore, spores released during one of these group events tend to go higher into the air than do spores released from a single ascus. This observation suggests that the simultaneous spore release by multiple asci is likely an adaptation that:a. satiates spore predators, increasing the likelihood that some spores will not be eaten.

b. increases the likelihood that multiple spores will arrive at the same food resource, thus enhancing the likelihood of successful colonization.

c. allows for the formation of new asci by allowing new regions of the fruiting body to undergo karyogamy.

d. enhances the ability of spores to penetrate the layer of stagnant or unmoving air above the fruiting body.

Skulls of (1) modern gorilla, (2) australopithecus afarensis, (3) homo erectus, (4) homo neanderthalensis, (5) homo sapiens based on the diagram, which of the following best describes ways in which the physical appearance of h. neandertalensis and h. sapiens differ? (2 points)

Considering the yellow and green pea color phenotypes studied by gregor mendel: a. what is the biochemical function of the protein that is specified by the gene responsible for the pea color phenotype? (1 point) b. a null allele of a gene is an allele that does not specify (or encode) any of the biochemical function that the gene normally provides (in other words, either no protein at all or only non-functional protein is produced from it). of the two alleles, y and y, which is more likely to be a null allele? (1 point) c. in terms of the underlying biochemistry, why is the y allele dominant to the y allele? (2 points) d. why are peas that are yy homozygotes green? (1 point) e. the amount of protein produced from a gene is roughly proportional to the number of functional copies of the gene carried by a cell or individual. what do the phenotypes of yy homozygotes, yy heterozygotes, and yy homozygotes tell us about the amount of sgr enzyme needed to produce a yellow color? explain your reasoning. (2 points)

What is the importance of having the us forest service, the bureau of land management, the us fish and wildlife service, and the national park service? to manage land resources for conservation and the development of natural resources to manage land resources for conservation and the development of urban areas to preserve historical landmarks and manage the development of urban areas to preserve historical landmarks and manage the development of rural areas