1.A genotype is
(1 Point)
only a dominant allele
only a recessive allele
both a dominant allele and/or a dominant/recessive allele
either a dominant allele or a recessive allele
2.During meiosis, are separated from each other during
(1 Point)
chromatids ; metaphase I
chromosomes: anaphase I
tetrads ; anaphase II
chromosomes: cytokinesis
3.If a homozygous dominant guinea pig and a homozygous recessive guinea pig were to have offspring, the offspring would be
(1 Point)
100% heterozygous
50% heterozygous and 50% homozygous
75% homozygous and 25% heterozygous
75% heterozygous and 25% homozygous
4.A phenotype is
(1 Point)
a recessive trait expressed
a dominant trait expressed
a blend of the dominant and recessive trait
none of the above
5.If an organism was given the alleles HH, then that organism would be called
(1 Point)
heterozygous dominant
homozygous dominant
homozygous recessive
heterozygous recessive
6.The reason that so much genetic variety is observed in reproduction is because of
mitosis
meiosis
metaphase
mendelianism
7.Solve both Punnett squares giving percentages or ratios.
(5 Points)
Enter your answer
8.Haploid is to diploid as is to .
(1 Point)
prophase; cytokinesis
1 :4
half: whole
50% : 100%
9.The reason Pinky could not taste the PTC paper was
(1 Point)
she was carrying a dominant trait
she was carrying a dominant trait and a recessive one
she was carrying both recessive traits
both her traits blended and gave her a new trait
10.Flipping a coin is a perfect example of probability in genetics because (there is more than one answer)
(1 Point)
there are multiple outcomes
there are only 2 possible outcomes
only 23 chromosomes are given by each parent
only 46 chromosomes are given by each parent
11.Explain how it is possible for two brown haired parents to have a blonde child.
(2 Points)
Enter your answer
12.Two differences between mitosis and meiosis are (there is more than one answer)
(2 Points)
variety and sexual reproduction vs asexual reproduction and identical
body cells and cytokinesis vs gametes and variety
metaphase and ends with 4 daughter cells vs anaphase and ends with 2 daughter cells
goes through mitosis once and somatic cells vs gametes and goes through mitosis twice
13.Two events that help to explain the variation observed in the world of living things (there is more than one answer)
(2 Points)
crossing over
independent assortment
homologous pairing
metaphase and anaphase
14.Identify ALL the phenotypes
(2 Points)
tall
Bb
hairy
blue-eyed
hh
Mm
15.In the video, Pinky's parents wereImmersive Reader
(1 Point)
homozygous and heterozygous
both homozygous
both heterozygous
either homozygous or heterozygous

Answer No 1)

both a dominant allele and/or a dominant/recessive allele

Explanation:

Genotype can be described as  genetic make up of an organism. The different genes which are present in an individual will constitute for genotype of that particular organism.

Each gene has two alleles. The allele which masks the effect of the other allele is termed as the dominant allele. The allele that gets masked is termed as the recessive allele.

Answer No 2)

During meiosis,chromosomes are separated from each other during anaphase I.

Explanation:

Meiosis is a process in which 4 haploid cells are produced which are not identical.

During the anaphase 1, the homologous chromosomes of the tetrads separate and move towards the opposite poles. In anaphase 1, the sister chromatids are not separated. It is the homologous chromosomes which get separated during this process.

Other options like option D is not correct because during the process of cytokinesis the cytoplasm gets separated.

Answer No 3)

100% heterozygous

Explanation:

When two homozygous (one dominant and the other recessive) individuals mate, the resulting offsprings will be heterozygous. One of the alleles will be dominant and the other recessive in the offsprings. The heterozygous offsprings will however show the phenotype of the dominant allele.

Answer No 4)

a dominant trait expressed

Explanation:

Phenotype can be described as the physical characteristics of an individual.  

The allele which is dominant will be expressed and hence, the phenotype will show the effect of the dominant genotype. The recessive character will only be shown and expressed if both the alleles of the gene will be recessive. The dominant trait will be expressed even if the organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the trait.

Answer No 5)

homozygous dominant

Explanation:

Answer No 6)

meiosis

Explanation:

Meiosis is a type of cell division in which four daughter cells are formed which will not be identical to parent cells.

During meiosis, certain mechanisms take place which result in the genetic variations of the offsprings. These mechanisms are:

Other options like option A is not correct because as a result of mitosis identical daughter cells are formed which do not result in genetic diversity.

Answer No 8:

Haploid is to diploid as half is to whole.

Explanation:

As a result of meiosis, haploid cells are produced. The haploid cells have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cells. When fertilization takes place, the haploid egg cell and the sperm cell will unite to form the diploid number of chromosomes. The diploid number of chromosomes will make up the whole organism. Hence, we can correctly illustrate that haploid is to diploid as half is to whole.

Answer No 11:

Two brown haired parents can have blonde children if there are heterozygous for the trait. Let's consider that blonde is the recessive trait and brown hair is the dominant trait. Now. lets consider a cross between two heterozygous brown haired parents:  

       B             b

B   BB          Bb

b   Bb           bb

The results of the punnet square illustrate that there will be a 25% chance that such parent will have blonde offspring.

Answer No 12

1.  In the process of mitosis, two daughter cells are formed which are identical to the parent cell. As a result of meiosis, four daughter cells are formed which are not identical to the parent cell.

2. The process of mitosis occurs in all the somatic cells of an individuals body. On the other hand, the process of meiosis occurs in the sex cells of the body.

Answer No 13:

crossing over

independent assortment

Explanation:

Crossing over and independent assortment are the two mechanisms of meiosis as a result of which genetic variations are produced.

During the process of crossing over, genetic segments are exchanged between the homologous chromosomes.

During the process of independent assortment, the chromosomes assort independently into gametes.

Other options like option D is not correct because metaphase and anaphase are the parts of both cell divisions.

Answer No 14:

Tall, hairy, Blue-eyed

Explanation:

Phenotype can be described as the physical attributes or characteristics of an individual. Genotype can be described as the genetic make up of an individual.

In the scenario discussed in the question, physical attributes such as height, being hairy or not, colour of the eyes depict the phenotypic characteristics.

the relative atomic mass of an element is the mass of one atom of that element, relative to 1/12th of the mass of a  1212c atom. to convert to an absolute mass in kg, it is necessary to multiply by  1.661×10−271.661×10−27.

the relative atomic mass is roughly equal to the number of neutrons, plus the number of protons, in the nucleus of the atom.

for elements with more than one stable isotope (different types of nucleus with different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons), the quoted mass is usually the average mass, weighted by the relative abundance of the different isotopes.

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