4) What are high-altitude areas with tundra
landscapes known as?
a. Permafrost
b. Alpine tundra
c. Arctic
d. Antarctic

Alpine tundra are high-altitude areas with tundra  landscapes.

Option: B

Explanation:

The locations where there is no growth of trees because of frozen soil or severe water runoff due to steep grades i.e at high altitudes are called tundra. High-altitude biomes have similar restrictions on plant life production. Tundra ecosystems occur where lengthy, cold winters, a covered with ice subsoil, and heavy winds blend together to discourage trees from growing. Vast regions of this biome cover the northernmost parts of North America and Eurasia, making up the tundra of the Arctic. Throughout all latitudes, weather conditions are identical throughout high mountains; these low, fragmented areas are named alpine tundra.

this transfer is call conjunction

b - the respond is innate and varies over time.

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