Transgenic models can be generated using CRISPR/Cas9 to introduce cancer-related mutations into cells within an organism. Which of the following approaches can produce a transgenic model? (Mark all that apply)

A. Patient derived xenografts (PDFs)
B. Viral delivery
C. Lipid nanoparticles
D. Knockin a wildtype genetic locus
E. Direct nucleic acid (plasmid) injection

An ecologist studied the same species of deer during the summer and the winter. she noticed that during the summer, when there was plenty of food, the deer were energetic and playful. however, during winter when food was scarce, the deer moved more slowly and did not run unless they needed to escape a predator. which scientific fact is best supported by her observations?

Choose the incorrect statement (a) the motor end plate membrane is only capable of generating graded potentials, but it is contiguous with the skeletal muscle sarcolemma, which can generate action potentials. (b) propagation of an action potential through the t-tubules into the sarcoplasmic reticulum triggers the release of ca++ into the cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle fiber. (c) the generation of suprathreshold endplate potentials in multiple muscle fibers could be due to the increased frequency of action potential generation at the axon hillock of a single motor neuron. (d) a greater amount of ach would be found in the presynaptic vesicles of a motor unit that fired several action potentials after exposure to botulinum toxin, than in a motor unit that fired several action potentials after exposure to the venom of the krait snake (which contains α-bungarotoxin).

What evidence could be used to convince policy makers to change a shipping lane from going through a whale breeding ground? information on the number of all whale species currently alive information on the number of all whales hit by boats in the given area information on the number of whale deaths in the world's oceans information on the number of whale offspring born every year. (a) scientists could collect and combine data on fish populations all around the world to show that their populations are declining. (b) scientists collect and combine data on fish populations all around the world to show that their populations are increasing. (c) scientists work together and use past data to show that fish populations are becoming locally extinct in some areas. (d) scientists work together and use past data to show that some fish populations are adapting to environmental changes.