Which of the following statements best compares genetic diversity in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

A. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes can transfer DNA using conjugation and fertilization.
B. Eukaryotic species experience a greater rate of mutations within their populations.
C. Mutations increase the genetic diversity in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
D. Sexually reproducing eukaryotes evolve faster than species that reproduce asexually.

C. Mutations increase the genetic diversity in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Explanation:

It is a well-established fact that mutations increase the genetic diversity in living organisms (especially if they are positive mutations). The positive and faster mutations will help the organism to develop better traits for survival in the changing environments.

The other options are incorrect because of the following reasons:

A. Eukaryotes don't do gene transfer via conjugation.

B. Eukaryotic species don't experience a greater rate of mutations as compared to the prokaryotes. Prokaryotes have a faster mutation rate. This is the reason that microbes can adapt to changing environments faster than humans or other multicellular organisms.

D. As mentioned above, sexually reproducing eukaryotic species evolves slower than the asexually reproducing species. For example, evolution in bacteria (e.g. drug resistance) is faster than any organism belonging to eukaryotic lineage.

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