Explain why synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase does not occur in absence of oxygen?
3 marks worth

Synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase does not occurs in the absence of oxygen because oxygen is responsible for the transportation of electrons to the cell from electron transport molecules. This electron is used for the production of ATP. If oxygen is not present during ATP production, electrons will not formed in the system. That's why oxygen is very necessary for ATP production.

it cools slower in the earth meaning the crystals have more time to form than lava on the surface

after a the power stroke, adp is released, but the cross-bridge formed is still in place. atp then binds to myosin, moving the myosin to its high-energy state, releasing the myosin head from the actin active site.