Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they are .
a. large
b. too complex
c. lipid-based
d. not easily dissolved in blood
e. polar

Option E) polar

Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they are polar

Explanation:

Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones such as serotonin, epinephrine, dopamine etc, are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they consist of several repeating units of amino acids with positively charged or negatively charged side chains.

Thus, the side chains make these hormones water-loving (hydrophilic), and impassable to the hydrophobic layer of the cell membrane.

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