True or false: sexual reproduction produces genetic variations because each pair of chromosomes moves independently

True. In sexual reproduction, one of the causes of genetic variation is the independent movement of each chromosome of a homologous pair.

Explanation:

The genetic variation is the one that produces the differences between individuals of the same species, depending on the changes or variations in the genome.

Sexual reproduction is characterized by two individuals of different sex who exchange their genetic material to obtain an offspring, which will share characteristics of both parents, but will be different from them.

Each parent is able to provide a gamete -sperm or egg- that is produced by gametogenesis, a process linked to meiosis. During this process, each chromosome is able to move independently, which results in the combination of genes.

Another event that leads to genetic variation is cross-over, in which the genes of two chromosomes are exchanged, during the prophase of meiosis I.

Learn more:

Mutation - Genetic variation link

True

Explanation: Reproduction is a process by which an organism produces a new organism of its type. Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which a new organism is produced through the union or fusion of a male and a female gamete. Variation is the differences among individuals of the same species in a population. Every trait is controlled by a pair of gene because each parent contributes only one of the two genes. During fusion of the male and female gametes, the genes move independently leading to different combinations of genes that consequently leads to variations among a population.

d. organisms have cells with different shapes and functions.