Consider the cross Aa BB Cc dd X Aa bb cc Dd. Assume that the four allelic pairs assort independently. (a) How many different types of gametes can the parent with the genotype Aa BB Cc dd produce?

The parent with the genotype Aa BB Cc dd can produce 4 different types of gametes.

Explanation:

The law of independent assortment states that the alleles for a trait separate when gametes are formed.

In the parent genotype Aa BB Cc dd, the allelic pairs with variation present are Aa and Cc. Therefore, the source of variation in the possible combinations  during meiosis, largely arises from these 2 allelic pairs.

Independently assorting these pairs, we have ; A, a, B, B, C, c, d, d

The possible combinations therefore are:

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).