Using your knowledge of Punnett squares and hybridization, what is the probability that a purebred monohybrid, dihybrid, three-factor cross or higher will lead to the expression of dominant phenotypes in first-generation offspring?

100%

Explanation:

No matter how many factors are in the cross, if an 2 purebred (homozygous individuals) are crossed, (one dominant, one recessive) the dominant phenotype will always be displayed.

Imagine a cross with between two individuals true breeding for 6 traits. One shows all dominant genotypes, one shows all recessive genotypes. The only gametes those individuals can pass on will always produce heterozygotes.

AABBCCDDEEFFGG x aabbccddeeffgg

The first individual can only give ABCDEFG alleles. The second individual can only give abcdefg alleles. Therefore, all offspring will be AaBbCcDdEeFfGg, and will therefore express the dominant trait.

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.

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