You are asked to make an artificial sediment sample that could be classified as an ooze and weighs 1000g. You are given terrigenous sediment and calcareous (calcium based) material to mix together. How much calcareous material do you need to use to make an ooze?

30% of calcareous material is needed to make an ooze.

Explanation:

The calcareous ooze is one of the distinct and common types of pelagic sediments that are mainly comprised of about 30% of calcareous substances, and that is very fine-grained in nature. These are dominant in calcareous shells, that are mostly the shells of coccoliths and foraminiferous, and are typically intermixed with the mud and clay. These are the most common type of pelagic sediments, that covers nearly 50% of the seafloor, including the abyssal plain.

Therefore, 30% of the total composition is required in order to make an ooze.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

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