is a process of nuclear division which reduces the number of chromosomes per cell from 2 sets to 1 set.

Meiosis

Explanation:

Living cells constantly undergo division. Meiosis is one of the types of cellular division that is employed by sexually-reproducing organisms to produce gametes. Meiotic division involves the production of daughter cells (gametes) with a reduced chromosomal number (by half).

Meiosis occurs in a two-step division process; meiosis I and II. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes (similar but non-identical chromosomes received from each parent) are separated. This reduces the diploid number (Two complete set of chromosomes, 2n) of the cell to haploid (one set of chromosomes, n). In meiosis II, sister chromatids (replicated chromosome) get separated.

many phylogenetic trees have a single lineage at the base representing a common ancestor. a lineage that evolved early from the root and remains unbranched is called basal taxon. when two lineages stem from the same branch point, they are called sister taxa.

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explanation: