Phrenologists believed that the contour of the skull could provide valuable information about a person’s brain structure and function. this was built on the assumption(s)

The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:

a. skull protrusions are caused by disproportionate development of the brain areas beneath them, which are responsible for different specific functions.

b. certain traits such as aggressiveness lead to life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways.

c. life experiences and injuries that alter the shape of the skull in specific ways lead to certain traits, such as aggressiveness.

d. the development of the skull bones directly influences the configuration of the soft brain areas beneath them, which are responsible for different specific functions.

Option-A

Explanation:

Phenology refers to the study of the structure of the skull and relating it to determine the character of a person and the mental capacity.

The practice of phrenology is pseudoscience as it does not provide any scientific pieces of evidence.

There are many assumptions made in this pseudoscience like the mind is composed of multiple faculties which form organ and the development of these organs determine the shape of the skull therefore by studying the shape of the skull can help determine the psychological aptitude and character.

Thus, Option-A is the correct answer.