a scientist is studying the metabolic processes carried out by a certain bacterium. which of the following observations would indicate that the bacterium is performing fermentation?
a.
carbon dioxide is produced.
b.
glucose is consumed.
c.
ethyl alcohol is produced.
d.
oxygen is consumed.

The correct option is D) Ethyl alcohol is produced.

Explanation:

Fermentation can be described as a process by which energy is extracted by organisms such as bacteria and yeast.

Sugars are converted into alcohol by this metabolic process occurring in certain microorganisms. There are two main types of fermentation:

Fermentation which takes place in the presence of oxygen is termed as aerobic fermentation.

The process of fermentation which occurs in the absence of oxygen is termed as anaerobic respiration.

Hence, as alcohol will be produced from both types of fermentation, optic C is correct.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.