Adecrease in the resting membrane potential is whereas, is an increase in the membrane potential.

depolarization; hyperpolarization

Explanation:

At resting potential (absence of stimulus), the cell membrane of a neuron is said to be polarized with a net negative charge within due to more potassium (K+) ions present than sodium (Na+) ions.

However, an impressed stimuli reverses the ions content as K+ ions flows out and quickly replaced by Na+ ions, resulting in a decrease in membrane potential and a more positive cell membrane. Thus, depolarization occurs.

An increase in the membrane potential (so that it becomes more negative) is called hyperpolarization.

Hyperpolarization, depolarization

Explanation: Membrane potential is the difference in charge distribution or electrical potential across the membrane of a cell.

Resting membrane potential is the membrane potential when the cell is not receiving any excitatory or inhibitory signal, it is the membrane potential when a cell is at rest. Depolarization means that the cell is less negative, that is, there is less negative ions on the inside of the cell than on the outside while hyperpolarization means that the cell is more negative or less positive, that is, there is more negative ions on the inside of the cell than on the outside of the cell.

d concave shape of wave rock

explanation:

the concave shape of wave rock is a very good evidence that supports the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering. if we talk about structure of   wave rock, studies have estimated that it is around 2.7 billion years old. it also serves as the foundation of evidence that it was the place where australian continent began to form.

how the structure of wave rock was created?

studies suggest that structure of wave rock was created when the surrounded area was started to weather due to which deposition of material started on the part of land which now contains wave rock.

the structure of wave rock is considered to be one of the best-known landforms in australia. at the height of around 15 cm, there can be found flared slopes which formulate the margins of hyden rock. it is now assumed by geologists that wave rock was created by subsurface water-induced weathering and not by glaciers, waves or wind.

due to deposition of material over the period of long time, the wave rock became tougher and tougher due to weathering from surrounding terrain. this makes it a physical evidence that supports   the evolution of earth due to chemical weathering.

hope it !