The fact that fish, penguins, and dolphins all have the same basic shape is best explained by which of the following?

a) the basic shapes of fish, penguins, and dolphins are vestigial structures.

b) fish, penguins, and dolphins all faced the same physical constraints during their evolution andconverged upon the same body plan.

c) divergent evolution and adaptive radiation into new niches often result in convergent evolution.

d) the similarities are probably due to random chance.

e) parallel evolution is common among aquatic mammals

I would say it is E.

Explanation:

because fish, penguins, and dolphins are aquatic animals. It can't be A. because if it were vestigial it would be useless. It can't be B even though it does seem like the right answer because the are all aquatic. It can't be C. because it would been that the same species would have the same niche which is not possible. It can't be D. because every organism is evolved from a common ancestor.

B) Fish, penguins, and dolphins all faced the same physical constraints during their evolution and converged upon the same body plan

Explanation:

ans.

gregor john mendel is known for study of inheritance in pea plants. he used garden pea plant for his study, having alternative traits for various characters. he performed cross-breeding in pea plants to check how characters are transmitted between parents to offspring, such as cross between pure tall and pure dwarf plant. mendel studied the inheritance patterns in pea plants for various generations.

thus, the correct answer includes options and f).