"clot that develops at a distant site and then travels to a blood vessel where it becomes lodged and blocks blood flow is called"

Answer is embolism.

Explanation:

Embolism can simply be explained as a critical or serious medical condition which occurs is an obstruction s when there is an obstruction of a blood vessel such as the artery. This means that, the artery becomes blocked because of a foreign substance , usually blod clot which travels through the blood stream.

Note that, when a blood clot travels through the blood stream to the brain, it can result to embolic stroke.

Some of the things that can lodge in the blood vessel to cause blockage are fats from the marrow, air bubbles and collagen.