Describe cellular disorder known as cancer

Cancer is a malignant cellular disorder caused by the abnormal growth of cells and has potential to spread to different parts of the body.

Explanation:

Cancer is a malignancy caused by uncontrolled cellular development due to genetic changes, such as mutations in DNA. These genetic changes can be inherited from the parents or arise as a result of errors that occur during cell division or due to DNA damage caused by certain environmental exposures such as the chemicals (tobacco smoke), radiation (ultraviolet rays from the sun), etc.

Normally, when human cells become old or damaged, they die and new cells take their place by controlled cell division. When cancer develops, some of the body cells begin to divide without stopping. Due to this uncontrolled cell division, more and more abnormal cells are formed. This causes the old or damaged cells to survive and new cells to form when they are not needed. These abnormal cells form growths called tumors, which have the ability to spread into surrounding tissues and travel to distant places in the body through the blood or the lymph system. This results in the formation of new tumors far from the original tumor.

Different types of cancer based on where it begins include carcinomas, sarcomas, leukemias, lymphomas, etc. Carcinomas include prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, etc.  Leukemia is a cancer of the blood which begins when blood cells grow uncontrollably. Examples include acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute and chronic myeloid leukemia. Sarcomas develop in cartilage, bone, fat, muscles, nerves, etc and lymphoma starts in the lymphatic system (Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma).

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