1) what is meant by "the tree of life", from what geological time period is tiktalik found?
2) what are the first creatures thought to have had bony skeletons? what is a vertebrate? what is a tetrapod?
3) what are pharyngeal gill slits? do human embryos have them? do they support the relationship of all chordates?
4) what did sir richard owin propose about the ancestry of all chordates, what information did he use to support his proposal, did the information come from fossils, the bones of living vertebrates or both?
5) what does "developmental patterning mean? is developmental patterning conserved "similar" in all vertebrates? compare humans with tiktaalik to support your answer
6) what is meant by the term "vertebrate body plan" what are the main parts of this plan?
7) what is sonic hedgehog and what does it do?

When coal has reached it hardest, darkest form, it is called select one: 0 a. sub-bituminous b. lignite c. bituminous d. antrhacite next page

Which statements best describe the differences or similarities between a comparative investigation and an experimental investigation? check all that apply. experimental investigations are best for showing cause-and-effect relationships, while comparative investigations do not necessarily show this type of relationship. comparative investigations are often impractical and unrealistic, while experimental investigations are the most practical and realistic kinds of investigations. comparative investigations allow for the use of a wide range of variables but do not have a control group, while experimental investigations involve variables that can be controlled. both experimental investigations and comparative investigations are designed to answer scientific questions. both experimental investigations and comparative investigations focus on making observations rather than collecting new data.

How did the club fungi get its name? a. it is named for the club-shaped seeds it produces. b. it is named for the way individual species grow together in small groups called “clubs.” c. it is named for the club-shaped area where it produces spores. d. it is named for the club-like mechanism it uses to kill its prey.