Aresearcher follows a protocol to test the activity of a mitochondrial extract containing all of the soluble enzymes of the matrix. because the mitochondrial extract was dialyzed, the protocol lists low molecular weight cofactors that must be added to the extract in order to catalyze the oxidation of acetyl-coa to co2. the list does not include lipoic acid, a known cofactor of the citric acid cycle. why is lipoic acid omitted from the list of cofactors to add back to the extract? o o o o o the added tpp can substitute for lipoic acid in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. lipoic acid is covalently attached to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. the disulfide bond in lipoic acid prevents diffusion through the dialysis membrane. the kd of lipoic acid binding to pyruvate dehydrogenase is extremely low. the oxidation of acetyl-coa to co2 does not require lipoic acid in vitro.

Lipoic acid is covalently attached to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

Explanation:

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex has lipoic acid bound covalently to it.

This explain why dialysis is not effective in separating the lipoic acid from the enzyme

The answer is: Lipoic acid is covalently attached to the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Explanation:

It can be said that via a convalent amide bond lipoic acid binds to the terminal lysine residue found in the lipophilic domains of the enzyme. The importance of lipoic acid is that it acts as a cofactor in the pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme complex.

hey bro i looked it up on google the structure of the eye-spot in euglena viridie, e. ehrenbergii, and phacus pyriyorme is not as franzé haa described it. the so-called “crystal body” and “lens bodies” were not found in any of the individuals of the species examined by me. as earlier observers have stated, the eye-spot consists simply of a mass of pigment granules arranged in a single layer, and probably embedded in a protoplasmic framework, but the latter could not be seen, and its presence was only inferred from the fact that the pigment granules must be held together in some way, thd the eye-spot as a whole is capable of expansion, and that the pigment granules can be separated from each other.

hope this   and an i get brainlsiest

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