The first step in the catabolism of amino acids is the removal of the nitrogen as ammonia, forming a keto acid that can enter one of the carbon catabolic pathways. the alpha-keto acid pyruvate can be formed from the amino acids alanine, cysteine, glycine, serine and threonine. consider the route for alanine catabolism. anine reacts with to produce pyruvate and. this reaction is catalyzed by aspartate aminotransferase. alanine aminotransferase. alanine dehydrogenase. the substrate for the first step can be regenerated by reacting with nad^+ this reaction is catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase. alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. alanine dehydrogenase. aspartate dehydrogenase. the coenzyme/prosthetic group required in the first reaction is thiamine pyrophosphate. biotin. pyridoxal phosphate. lipoic acid.

Alanine, Alanine aminotransferase,glutamate dehydrogenase,pyridoxal phosphate.

Explanation:

The alpha keto acid pyruvate can be formed from the amino acid alanine

This reaction is catalyzed by Alanine aminotransferase enzyme whch catalyzes that reversible reaction that helps in the inter conversion of alpha amino acid to alpha keto acid and vice versa.

The substrate for the first step can be reacting with NAD+.This reaction is catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme that catalyzes the first step of oxidative de amination process.

The coenzyme/prosthetic group required in the first reaction is pyridoxal phosphate.

carbohydrates: (starches and sugars) composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

lipids: (fats, oils, and waxes) are made of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

nucleic acids: contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus. they are polymers of nucleotides. a nucleotide has three parts, a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate     (-po⬇️4) group, and a nitrogenous base.

proteins: made up of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. they are polymers of amino acids.

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