What is the relationship between photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration? in cellular respiration, what is oxidized and what is reduced? what is the role of electron carrier molecules in energy processing systems? why are they necessary? is glucose the only molecule that can be catabolized during cellular respiration? why do we use glucose as the model? why do hydrogen atoms accompany electrons as they are transferred in biological systems? why is it thought that glycolysis is the first catabolic pathway to have evolved in the metabolism of all cellular systems? can a cell produce enough atp to persist by using glycolysis alone? why or why not? why do anaerobic cellular systems use fermentation? what would happen if they didn’t? why do mammalian muscle cells perform lactic acid fermentation (instead of, say, ethanol fermentation)?

ans.

dna fingerprinting is defined as a process that determines the dna characteristics of an individual. these dna characteristics are unique among individuals as their fingerprints, so it is known as dna fingerprinting.

steps of dna fingerprinting includes extraction of dna from sample, amplification of dna, restriction digestion of amplified dna, and then analysis of dna by gel electrophoresis, respectively.

thus, the next step performed by the scientist is 'to cut the amplified dna (obtained by polymerase chain reaction) by restriction enzymes that cleave the dna into fragments and their analysis.'

the principle of segregation describes how pairs of gene variants are separated into reproductive cells. from his data, mendel formulated the principle of segregation. we now know that the segregation of genes occurs during meiosis in eukaryotes, which is a process that produces reproductive cells called gametes.

d. changes in climate and historical records

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