How is a mutation in a bacterial cell that deletes three base pairs 10 base pairs upstream from the +1 site likely to affect transcription and why? a. initiation will be inhibited because rna polymerase core enzyme cannot bind to the promoter. b. initiation will be inhibited because sigma cannot bind to the promoter. c. a three-base-pair deletion is too small to have an effect. d. termination will not occur because hairpin secondary structure cannot form.

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. based on this information, one can logically assume which of the following statements to be correct? a. dna was the first genetic material. b. the same codons in different organisms translate into the different amino acids. c. different organisms have different numbers of different types of amino acids. d. a gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism. e. all organisms have experienced convergent evolution.