Which of the following sequences is correct? a. binding of a signaling molecule to its receptor → g protein activation → phospholipase c activation → ip3 production → increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentrationb. binding of a growth factor to its receptor → phosphorylation cascade → activation of transcription factor → transcriptionc. binding of a signaling molecule to its receptor → g protein activation → adenylyl cyclase activation → camp production → protein phosphorylationd. diffusion of a signaling molecule across the plasma membrane → binding of the signaling molecule to its receptor → movement of the signaling molecule-receptor complex into the nucleus → transcriptione. all of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct

Explanation: Signal transduction converts extracellular signals into intracellular signals and a signaling molecule (ligand/ first messenger) reaches its target cell and binds to a specific receptor, this in turn activates a signaling cascade involving intracellular enzymes and molecules (second messengers), which leads to a specific reaction. Through signal amplification, the number of signaling molecules is increased at every step of the signal cascade.

The receptor is a protein that receives signals, binds the ligand and then initiates an intracellular sequence. It is subdivided into Intracellular, cell surface and nuclear receptor

Ligand / First Messenger is a chemical messenger that binds to 1 receptor

The second messenger are small molecules and they transfer the intracellular response to an extracellular stimulus e.g cGMP

your body is trying to warm itself up. or more precisely, sensors in your skin send messages to your brain to generate heat to your body.