Researchers studying a small milkweed population note that some plants produce a toxin and other plants do not. they identify the gene responsible for toxin production. the dominant allele (t) codes for an enzyme that makes the toxin, and the recessive allele (t) codes for a nonfunctional enzyme that cannot produce the toxin. heterozygotes produce an intermediate amount of toxin. the genotypes of all individuals in the population are determined (tt = 0.56; tt = 0.28; tt = 0.16) and used to determine the actual allele frequencies in the population. is this population in hardy-weinberg equilibrium? calculate the t and t.

The population isn't in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium because researchers are studying a small milkweed populatión and one of the conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is that it happens in large populations. The frequencies for the T allele is 0.7 and for the t allele is 0.3

Explanation:

To calculate the frequencies of T and t alleles in the population we need to take into account that the following probabilities for each allele to be expressed:

TT => p(T) = 1.0 p(t) = 0.0

Tt => p(T) = 0.5 p(t) = 0.5

tt => p(T) = 0.0 p(t) = 1.0

To calculate the frequencies for each allele we need to use the following expressions

For T:

f(T) = 1.0 (TT) + 0.5 (Tt)

f(T) = 1.0 (0.56) + 0.5 (0.28)

f(T) = 0.56 + 0.14

f(T) = 0.7

For t:

f(t) = 1.0(tt) + 0.5 (Tt)

f(t) = 1.0(0.16) + 0.5 (0.28)

f(t) = 0.16 + 0.14

f(t) = 0.3

The actual allele frequencies in the population are f(T) = 0.7 and f(t) = 0.3.

Now the Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium states that a population will remain the same if it isn't modified by external factors. For this to happen it must fulfill the following conditions:

- There must be no selection

- No mutation

- It should be a large population.

- No random mating

- No migration.

As the researchers are studying a small milkweed population it doesn't fulfills the conditions of a large population and in consequence we can't say this population is in the Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium.

answer:

the water molecules are transferred from the roots to the stem or top parts of the tall tree because of important properties of water which are adhesion, cohesion and capillary action. cohesion is the property of water molecules keeps water molecules in a combined state by sharing of bonds between them at the atomic level. adhesion allows the interaction of water molecules with other substances or substrate. adhesion will cause the attachment of water molecules to the wall of the vessel (xylem) of the plant. capillary action occurs when the adhesive force to the vessel wall is stronger than the cohesive force between water molecules. capillary action mimics the transfer of water from a tube or pipe. in this way water utilizes its property to transfer water from down to top level of the plant.  

the answer is c. it will give up it's valence electron to the other atom.