The innermost shell of an electron cloud is full with 4 electrons.

The negative impacts of nonnative species generally outweigh the positive impacts

Which of the following factors would not contribute to allopatric speciation? a) a population becomes geographically isolated from the parent population.b) the separated population is small, and genetic drift occurs.c) the isolated population is exposed to different selection pressures than the ancestral population.d) different mutations begin to distinguish the gene pools of the separated populations.e) gene flow between the two populations is extensive.

Suppose you are provided with an actively dividing culture of e. coli bacteria to which radioactive thymine has been added. what would happen if a cell replicates once in the presence of this radioactive base?