Select the properties shared by rna polymerase and dna polymerase.
check all that apply.
a) can initiate strand synthesis without an initial primer
b) dependent on a dna sequence template
c) catalyzes phosphodiester bond formation
d) polymerizes nucleotides in a 5'-to-3' direction
e) uses ribonucleotide triphosphates as substrates
f) can not proofread using a 3'-to-5' exonuclease activity

B) Dependent on a DNA sequence template

C) Catalyzes phosphodiester bond formation

D) Polymerizes nucleotides in a 5'-to-3' direction

Explanation:

DNA polymerase is the enzyme of DNA replication that elongates the RNA primer by the addition of deoxyribonucleotides to it. The enzyme uses the existing DNA strand as a template and makes the complementary strand in 5' to 3' direction. The deoxyribonucleotides are added by the formation of a phosphodiester bond between two successive deoxyribonucleotides.

Phosphodiester bond is formed by joining the 5' phosphate of one nucleotide unit to the 3' hydroxyl group of the other nucleotide. Therefore, chain elongation occurs in 5' to 3' direction only. DNA polymerases have 3' to 5' exonuclease activity that removes the wrongly added nucleotide during replication and thereby, reduce the errors. All the bacterial DNA polymerases (DNA pol I, II and III) have the 3' to 5' exonuclease activity.

The RNA polymerase is the enzyme of RNA synthesis and does not requires a primer for the process. The enzyme adds ribonucleotides by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bond formation. Therefore, RNA synthesis also occurs in 5' to 3' direction. RNA polymerase uses the template DNA strand to make the RNA copies but lacks 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity.

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explanation:

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