The larvae are prey of both parasitoid wasps and birds. wasps selectively prey on larvae inside the smallest galls while birds selectively prey on larvae inside the largest galls. the size of the gall made by the larvae is a heritable trait. given this information, we can conclude that the trait 'larval gall size' is subject to: a. balancing selection. b. stabilizing selection. c. directional selection. d. disruptional selection. e. heterozygote advantage

The trait 'larval gall size' is subject to balancing selection.

Explanation:

There are different types of natural selection: sexual selection, stabilizing selection, directional selection, frequency-dependent selection, and disruptive selection.

Balancing selection, also called Stabilizing selection, eliminates individual with extreme traits and favors individual that exhibit medium-range characteristics, that gets to survive. Selective pressure is against homozygotes.

Directional selection increases in the proportion of individuals with an extreme phenotypic trait.

Disruptional selection causes an increase in the two types of extreme phenotypes over the intermediate forms. Limits between one extreme and the other are frequently very sharped.

Heterozygote advantage is a genetic condition in which the heterozygote phenotype is different from the parent's homozygous phenotype. It is the case in which the relative aptitude of the heterozygote genotype is higher than the aptitude of the homozygote genotype. It is favored by balancing selection.

genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism's offspring).

answer: angiosperms

dicots

angiosperms are highly evolved plants, they produce seeds which are enclosed within in a carple. these are the largest group of plants on earth. they include trees, shrubs, herbs and small flowering plants. angiosperms exhibit a flowering stage in their life cycle. the flower serves the function of reproduction and fruit formation in majority of angiosperms. dicot is the term used to describe flowering plants that have two seed leaves. dicots are plants which develop seeds which split into two parts called cotyledons. each cotyledon contains one embryo.

here, a small purple flower development indicates that the plant belongs to angiosperms and having two embryonic leaves indicates it belongs to dicots.