Heliocentric theory:

was initially rejected
was supported by galileo
stated that the earth rotated around the sun
all of the above
which one

Option D, All of the above

Explanation:

The heliocentric model was first proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus but since his findings were based on previous studies and researches,  his theory of heliocentric  model of universe was rejected in its early phase. However, later on Galileo supported the Copernicus theory when he visualized the universe through his telescope. As proposed and seen by Galileo , it was established that Heliocentric model is the correct model of Universe where all  planet including earth rotate around the sun.  

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.