The hypothesis that, when life originated on earth, a macromolecule other than dna served in the role of information storage, and that this same macromolecule carried out catalysis, is called:

RNA world hypothesis.

Explanation:

RNA is present as the genetic material in some viruses only. RNA is produced from the template DNA by the process of transcription and helps in the protein gene expression.

According to RNA world hypothesis, RNA is considered to be the first genetic material as it has the ability to store the genetic material. The oxyribose sugar makes the RNA more reactive than the DNA molecule. The RNA also has the ability to work enzyme known as ribozyme. Hence, RNA has the ability to store the information and acts as catalyst.

Thus, the answer is RNA world hypothesis.