What is the act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful orderly way called

Observation is the act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way.

Explanation:

In the Scientific Method, it describes the nature of science observed or studied:

Deals with the natural world  - all the events occurring in the planet from microscopic to macroscopic organisms to natural phenomena.Data is collected in an organized way  - through surveys, calculations, experiments, etc.Explanations are based on evidence; not belief - the study should always have a proof in hand to avoid bias within the scientific group.The 4 steps in creating a Scientific Method.Observation - act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way.Inference - interpretation based in what was proven before.Hypothesis - this is a statement or explanations for the observations noted.Controlled Experiment - there are 2 types, independent and dependent. The independent variable may be manipulated, while the dependent variable changes according to the independent variable.

It would be the equator