Ascientific study demonstrated that rat mothering behavior impacts the stress response in their pups. rats that were born and grew up with attentive mothers showed low activation of stress-response genes later in life, while rats with inattentive mothers had high activation of stress-response genes in the same situation. an additional study that swapped the pups at birth (i. e., rats born to inattentive mothers grew up with attentive mothers and vice versa) showed the same positive effect of attentive mothering. how do genetics and/or epigenetics explain the results of this study?

Embryonic stem cells are cells derived from an embryo. these cells can be used to create new tissues for patients suffering from certain illnesses and disorders. which statement best summarizes why the use of embryonic stem cells could be seen as unethical? a. some people consider embryos to possess rights equal to those of fully developed human beings. b. extracting stem cells from embryos is a very energy-intensive process, which consumes resources that could be used elsewhere. c. embryos are difficult to obtain, so the monetary cost of using them for research outweighs their benefit. d. the process of extracting stem cells from embryos generates biohazardous waste that cannot be safely disposed of.