"annie was recently told that she produces physiologically low level of leptin. what does this mean in terms of her likelihood of becoming obese compared to someone who produces physiologically normal levels of leptin? "

Annie is more likely to be obese than a person with normal physiological leptin levels.

Explanation:

Leptin is a hormone produced in our adipose tissue (ie our body fat) that regulates very important metabolic functions in your body. It is one of the most important hormones in regulating our hunger and energy expenditure.  Leptin hormone is produced and released during and after a meal. This is why it is known as the satiety hormone. It is your increased concentration that will inform your brain that the time has come to stop eating.

In addition to being related to satiety and obesity, the hormone leptin is also responsible for increasing energy expenditure in our body. All of this to maintain sufficient energy levels to perform our day-to-day functions and steady weight over the years. And it happens when your body is in energy balance.

As already mentioned in the paragraph above, the hormone leptin is released after a meal and is directly related to the feeling of satiety that diminishes the feeling of hunger and the release of hunger hormones. That is, release at appropriate levels of leptin makes us stop eating.

When a person produces low physiological levels of leptin, a lower energy expenditure of the body occurs, and a lesser feeling of satiety. This causes a greater sensation of hunger and greater release and greater release of hunger hormones. This causes us to eat more and risk becoming obese.

answer; (phospholipid);

when you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. this increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand. the intercostal muscles between your ribs also enlarge the chest cavity. they contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.