Determine approximately how much total energy is lost from a three step food chain if 1000 calories enter at the autotroph level

The trophic efficiency, this is, the measure of how much of the energy in

organisms at one trophic level is transferred to the next higher trophic

level, of each trophic level is around 10 percent.

Thus, considering a three step food chain, where you get 1000 calories entering at the autotroph level, the amount of energy that would pass to the primary consumers would be 100 calories (10% of 1000).

Then. the amount of energy that would pass to the secondary consumers would be 10 calories (10% of 100).

Finally, the amount of energy lost is the difference between the initial entering energy, 1000 calories, and the final energy, 10 calories:

(1000 - 10) calories = 950 calories

d. in sexual reproduction, offspring have more chromosomes than

either parent.

asexual reproduction results in offspring which are genetically the same as the parent organism (not counting a rare mutation). sexual reproduction produces a random mixture of the genetics derived from both parents

explanation: