Match the following. 1. an act of fertilization involving the transfer of cell contents to another cell; usually occurs in simpler organisms diploid 2. having chromosomes in homologous pairs conjugation 3. a type of mating pattern in which eggs and sperm are released into the water after the mating partners come near one another; occurs outside the body of the female external fertilization 4. the fusion of gametes to produce a new cell or zygote; often said to be the union of egg and sperm fertilization 5. having a single, complete set of chromosomes, or one half of each pair of homologous chromosomes haploid

1. Conjugation

2. Diploid

3. External fertilization

4. Fertilization

5. Haploid

Explanation:

Conjugation is a cell-to-cell encounter between bacteria cells. The bacteria come close to each other and DNA is then transferred through a tube-;ike structure called pilius.

The difference between diploid and haploid is that diploid organisms have chromosomes that come in pairs. The chromosomes are paired up with another chromosome that is similar in shape and size and that is why they are called homologous pairs. Haploid on the other hand do not come in pairs. In human beings for example, the egg cell and sperm cell are haploid, only having one homologous chromosome. When they join together during fertlization, they form a diploid.

Fertilization is the union of gamete cells, male and female, which result in the formation of a zygote. There are two types of fertilization, internal and external. Internal fertilization occurs when the union of the sex cells (gametes) occur inside the organism. You would see this in humans, where fertilization occurs in the womb. External fertilization occurs when the union occurs outside the organism and a good example of this would be fish. The female expels it's eggs into the water and the male would release its own sex cells as well, and they would join in the water.

interphase

the period of cell growth when the cell synthesizes new molecules and organelles. the cell is not dividing and it constitutes the majority of the time spent in the cell cycle

prophase

changes occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm. the chromatin condenses to form structures (sister chromatids) visible with a light microscope and the mitotic spindle begins to form, but the nucleus is still in tact

prometaphase

the nuclear envelope fragments and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the sister chromatids

metaphase

all the cell's duplicated chromosomes are lined up at an imaginary plane equidistant between the poles of the mitotic spindle

anaphase

begins when sister chromatids separate from each other and ending when a complete set of daughter chromosomes arrives at each of the two poles of the cell

telophase

the daughter nuclei form at the two poles of a cell

cytokinesis

the division of a cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. usually occurs during telophase during mitosis. this and mitosis make up to mitotic (m) phase of the cell cycle