The calvin cycle includes
a. the light-dependent reactions
b. an electron transport chain
c. the light-independent reactions
d. photosynthesis

C. The light-independent reactions

Explanation:

Photosynthesis consists of two phases: light dependent phase and light independent phase.

a) The light dependent phase of photosynthesis includes photolysis of water, release of oxygen and synthesis of ATP and NADPH.

b) Light independent phase of the photosynthesis includes chemical pathway to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide into glucose. Since this chemical pathway was first discovered by Calvin, it is called as Calvin cycle.  

c. establishing proper sleep hygiene

not necessarily. higher fitness requires the organism to be reproductive successful. for example, an organism at age 10 with 15 offspring is much more fit than an organism at age 15 with only 5 offspring.