Suppose that allele d produces tiny toes and allele d produces normal toes. a heterozygous male with the dd genotype mates with a homozygous female with the dd genotype. tiny toes is an autosomal dominant trait expressed with 30% penetrance. determine the probability that their offspring will have tiny toes. report your answer as a percentage without decimal points.

The right answer is 15%.

The D allele is dominant, ie in the case of heterozygosity, it is expressed.

When we cross between the male and the female. we will have 50% "Dd" and 50% "dd".

50% (frequency of 0.5) of the descendant will carry the dominant gene but only 30% (frequency of 0.3) among them will express the disease, therefore it is necessary to make the multiplication:

0.5 * 0.3 = 0.15 (equivalent to 15% of the descendence).

from my research i have to the conclusion that decomposers, such as fungi, bacteria and invertebrates, play a critical role in nutrient cycling and without them the earth's ecosystem may not support life as we know it. elements such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus exist in limited amounts on earth, although huge amounts of carbon are being released into the atmosphere from underground sources now by humans. it is still extremely important that other nutrients be retained by the process of re-use. decomposers are organisms that are able to chemically break down dead material and make these elements available for use by other organisms. without this breakdown of dead material, dead bodies would pile up. so decomposers also play a role in clean up also. without them, life might not continue as we know it and dead material would overwhelm the earth.    

answer; i believe the correct answer to the above question is ( friction)