1. trna brings amino acids to the ribosome in order to create a protein during which process?

a) transcription
b) mitosis
c) translation
d) replication

2. which statement does not describe a step in dna replication?

a) the enzyme helicase unwinds and unzips the double helix to prepare it to serve as a template
b) dna polymerase adds complementary bases to each template, forming the new double strands of dna
c) the dna is cut into pieces using polymerase enzymes
d) each strand of the parent dna serves as a template for the new molecule

3. after transcription is completed, what happens to the mrna?
a) it leaves the cytoplasm through the cell membrane
b) it remains in the nucleus
c) it enters the cytoplasm and moves toward ribosomes
d) it becomes part of the nucleolus

4. a gene for the protein keratin is being made in a hair follicle cell. how can mrna represent an exact copy of that gene?
a) dna polymerase makes a copy of the gene that is inserted into the mrna
b) it is put together using base pairing rules
c) rna polymerase cuts out a section of the dna
d) trna copies the amino acid sequence for the protein

5. match the following roles of each rna molecule to its name

1) rrna
2) trna
3) mrna

a) carries the instruction for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the ribosome
b) transports amino acids to the ribosome to build the protein
c) involved in the functioning of the ribosome sub-units

The answers would be:

1. c) translation

2. c) DNA is cut into pieces...

3. c) it enters the cytoplasm towards the ribosome

4. b) it is put together using base pairing rules

5.

rRNA - involved in the fuctioning of the ribosome sub-units.

tRNA - transports amino acids to the ribosome to build the protein.

mRNA - Carries instruction for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the ribosome

If you'd like to know more about the question, read on:

Translation is the end point of the protein sythesis process. This is where transfer RNA (tRNA) bring in the amino acids that pair up with the messenger RNA (mRNA) code created from the DNA of the nucleus. This occurs in the ribosome.

DNA is cut into pieces in the process of DNA cloning not replication. During replication, DNA first unwinds and unzips with the help of an enzyme called helicase. This creates a fork in between the double stranded DNA, exposing each strand. Each of these strands serve as the template for the new molecule, specific to the code. The DNA polymerase helps by adding complementary bases to create the mRNA, which is the transcription process.

The mRNA is patterned based on the DNA template it was created from. It is put together using base pairing rules.  There are only 4 bases and this includes guanine, cytosine, adenine and thymine. Similarly, mRNA have 4 bases as well, but instead of thymine, it has uracil.

Guanine only pairs with cytosine and vice versa. Thymine pairs with adenine, and adenine pairs with uracil (on RNA).

There are different types of RNA.

mRNA is known as the messenger RNA. As the name it delivers the code to the ribosomes, which will tell the cell what amino acids it needs to make specific to the DNA template it copied from the nucleus.

tRNA is known as the transfer RNA. Its function is to bring in the amino acids to the ribosome. tRNA contain 3 specific bases that code for a specific amino acid. It matches up with the mRNA that came from the nucleus.

Before tRNA come in, mRNA interacts first with  rRNA or ribosomal RNA. This specific RNA is found in the ribosome. When mRNA enters the ribosome and binds with the rRNA, their interaction triggers tRNA to approach.

1. The answer is; C

When mRNA joins with the subunits of the ribosome, tRNA begins to bring in amino acids corresponding to the linear sequence of codons on the mRNA. The tRNA enters the ribosome in the A site of the ribosome, the amino acid detaches and forms a polypeptide link with the other amino acid in the P site and the tRNA dislocates, empty, from the E site.

2. The answer is; C

During replication of DNA, DNA is not cut into pieces. DNA helicases unwind and unzip the DNA double strand and the DNA polymerase begins to replicate each stand. This  occurs by adding complementary base pairs to the leading and lagging strands.

3. The answer is; C

In Eukaryotes where the nucleus is compartmentalized by a nuclear membrane from the cytoplasm, the mRNA moves from the nucleus through the nuclear pores and goes to the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasms are ribosomes that are factories for translation of proteins. The mRNA binds with the ribosome subunits and translation begins into proteins.

4. The answer is; B

Base pairing rule ensures that the integrity of genes is maintained during replication and transcription. Cytosine can only pairs with Guanine, while Adenine only pairs with the Thyinumes or Uracil (in RNA). This reduces the error rate of mismatch pairing.

5. The answer are as follows;

1)mRNA - a) carries the instruction for protein synthesis from the nucleus to the ribosome

2)tRNA – b) transports amino acids to the ribosome to build the protein

3)rRNA – c) involved in the functioning of the ribosome sub-units

b tumor cells have a cell wall instead of a membrane

explanation:

tumor cells different from normal cells because tumor cells have a cell wall instead of a membrane.