What occurs in all cells and that can take place either with or without oxygen present

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❖ Fermentation can take place in cells with or without oxygen. The two different types of fermentation are alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid fermentation is when glucose and sugar is converted to cellular energy (ATP). Alcoholic fermentation is when glucose, fructose, and sucrose are converted to cellular energy (ATP) to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide.

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the answer that best describes the relative refractory period in the neuron is the resting membrane potential is restored, but concentrations of sodium and potassium are not restored to their original state.

the refractory period is the time during which another stimulus given to the neuron will not lead to a second potential. thus, because na+ channels are inactivated during this time, additional depolarizing stimuli do not lead to new action potentials.  

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false because ozone (o3) depletion does not cause global warming, but both of these environmental problems have a common cause: human activities that release pollutants into the atmosphere altering it.

global warming is caused primarily by putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when coal, oil, and natural gas are burned to generate electricity or to run our cars.

explanation: