If the concentrations of sodium chloride in the interstitial fluid surrounding cells decreases and the concentration of other solutes remains constant
a - the cells will shrink
b - the cells will swell
c - the fluid outside of the cells will become isotonic
d - the cells will not change
e - the fluid outside of the cells will become hypertonic

Explain how fossils scientists make discoveries about the lives of organisms and about how environments have changed over time. plz hurry up it time

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Which line in the graph above best illustrates an effect of the carbon dioxide level in the blood on breathing rate before, during and after a period of exercise? 1.b,2.c,3.a,4.d